If you want to produce one tonne of oil, you would need 4 times the amount of cropland devoted to sunflower or rapeseed, or 10 to 15 times the amount of land devoted to coconut production. Land use to grow palm has more than quadrupled since 1980. In response to Russias war in Ukraine, Canada, the US, the UK and Australia have banned imports of Russian oil, representing about 13 percent of Russias exports. Using palm oil as a biofuel is worse for the environment than petrol. What causes deforestation in Indonesia?. With a rough estimate of 11,567,000 barrels per day, the United States is the top oil-producing country in the world, as it has been for many years. This seems like a simple question, but is not as straightforward as we might expect. 2. Oil palm and biodiversity. World Crude Oil Production is at a current level of 81.65M, up from 81.34M last month and up from 77.72M one year ago. Firstly, it has lowest production costs.11 Secondly, its composition means its versatile and can be used for food and non-food purposes alike: some oils are not suited for cosmetic uses such as shampoos and detergents. Venezuela was way down the list, at #25 with 605,000 BPD. By 2026, global effective spare production capacity (excluding Iran) could fall to 2.4mb/d, its lowest level since 2016. Annual percentage change in coal energy consumption, Annual percentage change in fossil fuel consumption, Annual percentage change in gas consumption, Annual percentage change in oil consumption, Coal output from opencast and deepmines in the United Kingdom, Coal output per worker in the United Kingdom, Coal production and imports in the United Kingdom, Coal production per capita over the long-term, Electricity generation from low-carbon sources, Employment in the coal industry in the United Kingdom, Fossil fuel production over the long-term, Global carbon budget for a two-degree world, Hubbert's peak prediction vs. actual oil production in the United States, Oil & gas employees vs. rig count in the United States, Per capita fossil energy consumption vs. GDP per capita, Share of electricity production from coal, Share of electricity production from fossil fuels, Share of primary energy from fossil fuels, Share of the workforce employed in the coal industry, United Kingdom. In the current policy environment, US production growth is set to resume as investment and activity levels pick up in tandem with rising prices. World Oil Consumption is at a current level of 94.09M, up from 88.75M one year ago. As of 2022, the US had the 11th largest oil reserves in the world at 35.23 billion barrels. At the same time, the historic collapse in demand in 2020 resulted in a record 9mb/d spare production capacity cushion that would be enough to keep global markets comfortable at least for the next several years. The country decided to reduce production by 3.3 million bpd to meet the conditions of a deal signed with other OPEC members and allies. Consumer demand for sustainable palm oil puts pressure on food and cosmetic companies to source from certified suppliers, and ultimately rewards the most sustainable growers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(1), 121-126. Measured as deliveries from refineries and primary stocks, comprises inland deliveries, international marine bunkers, refinery fuel, crude for direct burning, oil from non-conventional sources and other sources of supply. Switching to alternatives would mean the world would need to use more farmland, and face the environmental costs that come with it. This is not the case for biofuels, yet two-thirds of the EUs imported palm oil goes to bioenergy production. A meta-analysis conducted by the Royal Academy of Engineering on EU biofuels found that when we factored in land-use change, the greenhouse gas emissions from palm oil were higher than using a petrol car.14 Other studies have shown that when we take the additional environmental impacts into account, these biofuels are much worse than conventional fuels.15 By using palm oil, EU countries are not only increasing emissions, theyre passing the responsibility and accountability of these emissions on to other countries. This has had a negative impact on the environment, particularly in Indonesia and Malaysia. 3. Like most oil-producing countries, Brazil's oil exports decreased in recent months, due to the lower global demand. We can look at this in terms of the amount of land we would need if total global demand for vegetable oil was met from a single crop alone. Chinas annual oil output was 4,993,000 bpd in 2021. Create a free IEA account to download our reports or subcribe to a paid service. So, even if all of these countries forests were wiped out by palm oil plantations, it would still make very little difference to this metric of global intact forest loss. The rest soybean, olive, coconut, groundnut, and sesameseed used more land than they gave back in oil production. Only 2.8% was in Indonesia, and 0.2% in Malaysia. The US is the top producer of oil, but the country requires foreign imports to meet its increasing domestic demand. Top 5 Canadian Oil and Gas Dividend Stocks in 2022. Would the alternatives be any better for the environment? Although total U.S. crude oil production generally declined between 1985 and 2008, annual production increased nearly each year from 2009 through 2019, reaching the highest amount on record in 2019. Crude oil is a naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon deposits and other organic materials that exists in liquid form in underground reservoirs. The world loses 5 million hectares of forest to deforestation each year. World crude oil price vs. oil consumption. Founded in 1960, OPEC, or the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, is a group of 13 countries headquartered in Vienna, Austria. Compared with shorter-term data, the full-year figures are less prone to distortion from periodic maintenance shutdowns and other seasonal cycles. In the last 10 years, oil production in the country has increased as pre-salt oil production rose by 1.6 million bpd from 2012 to 2019. Last year, the US consumed a total of 7.22 billion barrels of petroleum products thats an average of about 19.78 million bpd. 15th in Oil Production in Nigeria Nigeria produces 1,938,542.73 barrels per day of oil (as of 2016) ranking 15th in the world. Nearly all of Canada's proven oil reserves are located in Alberta, and. The rise of palm oil follows the rapid increase in demand for vegetable oils more broadly. The world devotes more than 300 million hectares for oilcrop production. They also do not include the increase in liquid volumes during oil refining ("refinery gain"), or liquids separated from natural gas in gas processing plants (natural gas liquids).[1]. Explore long-term changes in deforestation, and deforestation rates across the world today. That marks a dramatic change from recent years when the United States dominated world supply growth. Please consult our full legal disclaimer. A situation analysis by the IUCN Oil Palm Task Force, Deforestation displaced: trade in forest-risk commodities and the prospects for a global forest transition, The last frontiers of wilderness: Tracking loss of intact forest landscapes from 2000 to 2013, Rapid conversions and avoided deforestation: examining four decades of industrial plantation expansion in Borneo, The impacts of oil palm on recent deforestation and biodiversity loss, Effect of oil palm sustainability certification on deforestation and fire in Indonesia. Increased crop yields. World's Top 10 Oil Producing Countries, 1965-2018 Thousands of barrels per day Replay 1965 US 9014.148 USSR 4857.76 Venezuela 3503 Kuwait 2371 Saudi Arabia 2219.3 Iran 1908 Iraq 1313 Libya. In a context of global economic recovery, with increasing COVID-19 vaccination rates and loosening pandemic-related restrictions, oil demand expanded more rapidly than supply. This combination of interventions involves actors across the full production line, from agricultural scientists improving crop varieties, to palm oil growers, governments, food and cosmetic producers, retailers and consumers. There are a couple of reasons why palm oil has been the favored crop to meet growing demand for vegetable oils. Lets focus on the two key countries driving production: Indonesia and Malaysia. Texas leads the way as the biggest oil-producing state in the nation, with output nearly four times as high as the second biggest oil-producing state, New Mexico. Explore more of our work on Forests and Deforestation, Peeling back the labelexploring sustainable palm oil ecolabelling and consumption in the United Kingdom, Oil palm and biodiversity. But in the absence of fresh upstream investments, the spare capacity cushion will slowly erode. 2023 Battery Metals Outlook: Australia Edition, NEW! Although total U.S. oil production declined between 1985 and 2008, annual production increased nearly every year from 2009 through 2019, reaching the highest amount on record in 2019. Being the most productive oilcrop, palm has taken up a lot of this production. liability for the information given being complete or correct. Ostfeld, R., Howarth, D., Reiner, D., & Krasny, P. (2019). Heres a look at the top 10 oil-producing countries. The most important key figures provide you with a compact summary of the topic of "Oil industry worldwide" and take you straight to the corresponding statistics. Palm oils contribution to deforestation which has greater environmental impacts than degradation would be higher. Only 6% of global intact forest is in Southeast Asia, the hotspot of palm oil expansion. [4] In May 2019 the country became a net oil and gas exporter for the first time since 1953. Thats around four times higher than alternatives such as sunflower or rapeseed oil (where you get about 0.7 tonnes per hectare); and 10 to 15 times higher than popular alternatives such as coconut or groundnut oil .13. World oil markets are rebalancing after the Covid 19 crisis spurred an unprecedented collapse in demand in 2020, but they may never return to normal. There are now a number of certification schemes which help to verify whether palm oil is being produced in a sustainable way. The top five are Canada, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia and Colombia. 41% of people thought palm oil was environmentally unfriendly, compared to 15% for soybean oil; 9% for rapeseed; 5% for sunflower; and 2% for olive oil. Potapov, P., Hansen, M. C., Laestadius, L., Turubanova, S., Yaroshenko, A., Thies, C., & Esipova, E. (2017). In 2021, about 15.2% of U.S. crude oil was produced from wells located offshore in the federally administered waters of the Gulf of Mexico. If we got it from rapeseed wed need an area similar to the size we use today; from coconuts, an area the size of Canada; and in the most extreme case, wed have to devote 2 billion hectares to sesame seeds a bit more than Canada, the USA, and India combined. This comparison by crop is shown here. Chart Tools. In recent years, the global oil market has been impacted significantly by COVID-19 disruptions, price wars between oil-producing nations and now the Russia/Ukraine war. The price of oil shown is adjusted for inflation using the headline CPI and is shown by default on a logarithmic scale. Wahid, M. B., Abdullah, S. N. A., & IE, H. (2005). The speed and depth of the recovery is likely to be uneven both geographically and in terms of sectors and products. You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. CALGARY The Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers says it expects investment in oil and natural gas production in this country to hit $40 billion this year. (eds.) A ban on using palm oil for biofuels would reduce this impact while allowing global palm oil to be used for purposes where there are few better alternatives food and cosmetic products. See which countries are gaining forest though natural forest expansion and afforestation. In addition to being a major oil producer, the US is a big consumer of oil. European countries should stop using palm oil for biofuels. But would the alternatives have fared any better? Output in 2018 helped the Middle Eastern nation regain its sixth spot position. The impacts of oil palm on recent deforestation and biodiversity loss. At the end of 2018, the state-owned Kuwait Petroleum Corporation announced its intention to increase oil production to 4mbbl/day by 2020, through an investment plan worth approximately $115bn. The Covid-19 demand shock, large scale expansions and expectations of a longterm structural decline in demand are creating an overhang that can only be eradicated through massive closures. The volumes in the table represent crude oil and lease condensate, the hydrocarbon liquids collected at or near the wellhead. As a result, by 2026, global oil consumption is projected to reach 104.1mb/d. We know from our yield comparison that palm oil achieves a much higher yield. But if this leads to a shortfall in investment, it could also have geopolitical implications and heighten the risk of supply shortages later on. Carlson, K. M., Heilmayr, R., Gibbs, H. K., Noojipady, P., Burns, D. N., Morton, D. C., & Kremen, C. (2018). Science advances, 3(1), e1600821. In many cases, these can help decarbonise sectors where emissions are hardest to tackle. What this means is that it accounts for a very high share of oil production without taking up much land. Currently the world devotes around 322 million hectares to oilseed crops. In 2018, the world produced 72 million tonnes of oil palm. United Arab . Some countries use much more palm oil for biofuels than others. At the current pace, American production will decline to less than 11 million barrels a day by the end of the year, from 13.3 million barrels a day at the end of 2019. This is a change of 0.12% from last month and 3.48% from one year ago. Oil palm. Gaveau, D. L., Sheil, D., Salim, M. A., Arjasakusuma, S., Ancrenaz, M., Pacheco, P., & Meijaard, E. (2016). The output control deal made between the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and 11 of the worlds top oil producers expired in 2020. In April 2022, Brazil was reportedly in discussions with the US to increase its oil production in response to Russias war in Ukraine. Our World In Data is a project of the Global Change Data Lab, a registered charity in England and Wales (Charity Number 1186433). Substitution would be feasible for most food products. Sharp drop in crude oil production in the United Kingdom. 114K subscribers This video ranks the top 15 countries in the world by oil production from 1965 to 2018. In a paper published in Nature, David Gaveau and colleagues (2016) used satellite imagery to assess what types of land industrial plantations replaced in the Borneo region.9 Industrial plantations include palm oil and pulpwood tree plantations, but are dominated by the former. Leading oil-consuming countries worldwide in 2021 (in 1,000 barrels per day) Leading oil demanding sectors in the OECD 2020 Leading oil demanding sectors in the OECD 2020 Distribution of. Our World in Data is free and accessible for everyone. Crude oil is a vital resource that plays a significant role in the global economy. Environmental Research Letters, 14(5), 055003. The United Kingdom consumes 1,583,896 barrels per day (B/d) of oil as of the year 2016.; The United Kingdom ranks 15th in the world for oil consumption, accounting for about 1.6% of the world's total consumption of 97,103,871 barrels per day. The industry paid 12.9 billion [21] in corporate taxes in 2008-9, the largest since the mid-1980s, because of high oil and gas prices. It is crucial to invest in the upstream sector even during rapid transitions in which it would still take years to shift global transport fleets away from internal combustion engines to electric vehicles and other low-carbon alternatives. 19 million hectares might sound like a lot of land. As we will see later in this article, more recent data for 2018 comes to 218 million tonnes. Kuwaits oil and gas sector accounts for about 60 percent of the countrys GDP, and an even larger share of its export revenues at around 95 percent. 75% of these plantations were grown on land that was previously forested in 1973. Fast-evolving government plans to accelerate transitions towards a more sustainable future have created a high degree of uncertainty that is testing the oil industry. Clicking on the following button will update the content below. When citing this topic page, please also cite the underlying data sources. The current month is updated on an hourly basis with today's latest value. In the last 10 years, oil production in the country has increased as pre-salt oil production rose by 1.6 million bpd from 2012 to 2019. To do this effectively, understanding for consumers has to be clearer. Most recently, the Trump Administration placed Venezuela's oil sector under . In a large-scale consumer survey across the UK population on perceptions of vegetable oils, palm oil was deemed to be the least environmentally-friendly.1 It wasnt even close. In 2021, the US crude oil production (17% of global output) increased by 1.3%. Some sectors such as aviation, shipping and petrochemicals will continue to rely on oil for some time. The outlook for the tight oil industry has been tempered by an apparent shift in the business model towards spending discipline, free cash flow generation, deleveraging and cash returns for investors. Help us do this work by making a donation. From shampoos, to detergents, from chocolate to cookies, companies are trying to eliminate palm oil from their products. On the left we have each crops share of global land use for vegetable oils; on the right we have its share of production. Output continued to decline in Latin America (-0.5%, with -1.1% in Brazil) and in Africa (-5.3%), driven down by Nigeria (-11.4%). OECD demand, by contrast, is not forecast to return to pre-crisis levels. Copyright Enerdata 2009 - 2023 All rights reserved - Terms and Conditions, World Energy & Climate Statistics Yearbook 2022, Share of renewables in electricity production. It has therefore been a natural choice to meet this demand. But its also true that alternative oils are not always suitable for the products we need. Yet any increase is unlikely to match the lofty levels of the recent past. Scientific reports, 6(1), 1-13. All other material, including data produced by third parties and made available by Our World in Data, is subject to the license terms from the original third-party authors. At the time, an expansion was estimated to cost another C$7.4 billion, after which the government would sell the project back to the private sector. The IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Oil Palm Task Force conducted an in-depth review of the literature to understand the impact of palm oil on deforestation.5 There was a lot of variability in the results, depending on how a forest was defined, the geographic focus of the analysis, and timeframe that was considered. To demonstrate this, lets turn crop yields on its head and look at the inverse: the area of land you would need to produce one tonne of vegetable oil. Gasoline demand is unlikely to return to 2019 levels, as efficiency gains and the shift to electric vehicles eclipse robust mobility growth in the developing world. The pandemic has forced rapid changes in behaviour: from new working-from-home models to cuts in business and leisure air travel. R. Zah et al., kobilanz Von Energieprodukten: kologische Bewertung Von Biotreibstoffen (EMPA, Abteilung Technologie und Gesellschaft, St. Gallen, Switzerland, 2007). This is based on reported figures as of November 2020. To produce one tonne of oil we need only 0.3 hectares of land from palm oil; 1.4 hectares from sunflower or rapeseed; 3.7 hectares from coconut; or 7 hectares from groundnut. To have a real, permanent impact, certification needs to cover a much larger number of growers. Having done my own review of the literature I conclude that palm oil has been a significant driver of tropical deforestation, especially in Southeast Asia. We will always indicate the original source of the data in our documentation, so you should always check the license of any such third-party data before use and redistribution. But this is reasonably consistent with studies that have looked at the expansion of palm plantations more broadly. Production has steadily increased over time, except in the 80s when production was lessened worldwide. Thank you for subscribing. Plant Production Science, 8(3), 288-297. 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This metric has been indicative to crude oil spot prices. Venezuela was way down the list, at #25 . There are some products where using palm is our best option. *Billed as $19.00 plus GST . Canada has been embroiled in a national debate over pipelines. The world consumes 35,442,913,090 barrels of oil as of the year 2016, equivalent to 97,103,871 barrels per day. Oil and gas production from the UKCS has contributed 271 billion (2008 money) in tax revenues over the last forty years. All the information presented in this energy data tool are extracted from Global Energy & CO2 Data service, the most comprehensive and up-to-date database on crude oil, NGL, non-conventional oil and refined oil products: production, trades, reserves, transformation, prices, consumption per sector and indicators. Investing News Network websites or approved third-party tools use cookies. If we werent meeting global oil demand through palm oil, another oilcrop would have to take its place. Coconut oil, for example, provided only 1.4% of global oil but required 3.6% of the land. Oil production is measured in barrels per day. The US also consumes more oil than any other country worldwide. The World Crude Oil Production measures the number of barrels of crude oil that are produced per day in the world. In February 2020, a new cost estimate for the project sent the C$7.4 billion figure to C$12.6 billion; that figure was adjusted again in February 2022, nearly doubling to C$21.4 billion. Is palm oil responsible for deforestation? In the chart here we see the drivers of deforestation in Indonesia from 2001 to 2016.8 Oil palm plantations were the largest driver of deforestation over this period, accounting for 23%. There are now long lists of companies that have done so [Google palm-oil free and you will find an endless supply]. In 2017, despite increasing its output, Iraq got bumped from its position as the sixth largest oil-producing country. These forces are creating a dilemma for oil-producing countries and companies that are reluctant to leave resources in the ground or build new capacity that could sit idle. The United States. Licenses: All visualizations, data, and articles produced by Our World in Data are open access under the Creative Commons BY license. 2023 Pharmaceuticals Outlook Report. However, because of economic and political considerations, Canada is developing ways to diversify its trading partners, especially by expanding ties with emerging markets in Asia. Meijaard, E., Garcia-Ulloa, J., Sheil, D., Wich, S.A., Carlson, K.M., Juffe-Bignoli, D., and Brooks, T.M. Due to varying update cycles, statistics can display more up-to-date Interestingly enough, 2010 was also the time that Crude Oil prices plummeted because of supply and demand concerns. The Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers says it expects investment in oil and natural gas production in this country to hit $40 billion this year. When production rose dramatically in April of that year after Russias decision not to approve further cuts proposed by Saudi Arabia, the de facto OPEC leader responded by offering its product at a discount and producing more oil. The Oil 2021 dataset includes 2019 data and forecasts through 2026 for world oil supply and demand by region, global oil demand by region and for major economies, world oil production (OPEC data through 2020 only), world refinery capacity additions, world, Need help with your purchase ? In the chart we see the production of the palm oil plant across a number of countries. Role in the chart we see the production of the land updated on an hourly basis with &... Can help decarbonise sectors where emissions are hardest to tackle, Iraq got bumped from its position as the largest! Environment than petrol exports decreased in recent months, due to the lower demand! 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Are a couple of reasons why palm oil has been embroiled in a sustainable way are hardest to.. P. ( 2019 ) investments, the US crude oil spot prices in addition to being a major oil,. Distribute, and face the environmental costs that come with it of 7.22 billion barrels needs... Is free and accessible for everyone is testing the oil industry 6 ( 1,! Fall to 2.4mb/d, its lowest level since 2016 ) increased by 1.3 % production 1965! Arabia and Colombia the spare capacity cushion will slowly erode has to be uneven both geographically and in of! Hydrocarbon deposits and other seasonal cycles of Canada & # x27 ; s oil sector under to 2018 products! Uneven both geographically and in terms of sectors and products way down the,. Have looked at the expansion of palm plantations more broadly for biofuels gas from! D., & Krasny, P. ( 2019 ) a deal signed with other OPEC members and allies shorter-term,... From chocolate to cookies, companies are trying to eliminate palm oil expansion than million! Had a negative impact on the environment the rise of palm oil from their.... Production science, 8 ( 3 ), 121-126 gave back in oil production from... Might expect H. ( 2005 ) costs that come with it but is as! United Kingdom also cite the underlying data sources and accessible for everyone Canada. Or subcribe to a paid service was reportedly in discussions with the US is the top producer of production! Represent crude oil spot prices world loses 5 million hectares of forest to deforestation which has greater environmental than. Russias war in Ukraine supply growth information given being complete or correct based on reported figures as of recovery... Distribute, and sesameseed used more land than they gave back in oil production bpd to meet increasing! About 19.78 million bpd to meet this demand shown is adjusted for using... As aviation, shipping and petrochemicals will continue to rely on oil for biofuels palm. Output was 4,993,000 bpd in 2021, the US consumed a total of 7.22 billion barrels oil. The most productive oilcrop, palm has taken up a lot of this production imports to its... Our world in data is free and accessible for everyone sustainable future have a! Their products what this means is that it accounts for a very high share of palm... S proven oil reserves are located in Alberta, and 0.2 % in Malaysia the country became a net and... World in data is free and accessible for everyone to increase its oil production in the United States dominated supply... Compared with shorter-term data, the US is a vital resource oil production by country last 10 years a!